Many parents may have misunderstandings when applying for permanent residence in China for their foreign babies. They can use their Chinese permanent residence ID card to register their children in China. This understanding is incorrect. Chinese people use the word "resident" in their ID cards, while foreigners use the word "residence" in their residence permits and permanent residence documents. So what are the differences in the definition of identity between these two similar words? Let's take a look together with SFBC.
很多家长在为自己的外籍宝宝申请到中国永居后，会有误解可以拿中国永久居留身份证为孩子上中国户口。这个理解是错误的，中国人手持的身份证使用的是“居民”字眼，而外籍人士持有的居留许可、永居证件使用的是“居留”字眼，那么究竟这两个相近的词语在身份定义上有什么区别呢？来和SFBC一起看看吧。
1. Chinese Citizenship
1．中国公民身份
In China, anyone with the Chinese nationality is a Chinese citizen, so China has no citizenship certificate.
在中国，凡是拥有中国国籍的人都是中国公民，所以中国并没有公民证。
The Chinese resident identity card is a document used to prove the identity of citizens residing in China, so the term "resident" is used.
而中国居民身份证则是为了证明居住在中国境内的公民的身份而使用的证件，所以使用了“居民”字眼。
Therefore, the Chinese resident ID card has become a symbol of identity for Chinese citizens and also a symbol of identity for Chinese nationality.
因此，中国居民身份证成为了中国公民的身份象征，也成为了中国国籍的身份象征。
2. Temporary residency status
2．临时居留身份
Foreigners who want to stay legally within China must obtain corresponding permits. Among them, a residence permit is a permit that allows foreign nationals to reside in China for a longer period of time (6 months or more). Foreigners are allowed to enter and exit China for an unlimited number of times with their valid residence permit.
外籍人士想要在中国境内合法停留，就必须办理相应的许可凭证。其中，居留许可是允许外籍人士在中国境内较长期居留（6个月及以上）的许可凭证。外籍人士可凭有效期内的居留许可不限次数进出中国国境。
Due to the temporary residency of foreign nationals in China, China grants them temporary residency status and can only reside and stay in China within the specified effective time. Therefore, the relevant documents use the term "residence".
由于，外籍人士在中国居留是暂时的，所以，中国给予的是临时居留身份，仅能在规定的有效时间内在中国境内居住与停留，因此，相关的凭证使用了“居留”字眼。
3. Permanent residency status
3．永久居留身份
Permanent residency status not only has a longer validity period, but also enjoys almost the same rights and convenience as citizens of the country. The limitation lies in the fact that they still have their original nationality, do not possess all the political rights of permanent residence in the country, and are unable to hold public office.
永久居留身份除身份有效期更长，还能享受到与该国公民几乎相同的权利与便利。限制在于仍是原国籍，不具备永居国家的一切政治权利及无法担任公职。
Permanent residence in China refers to the unrestricted period of residence of foreign nationals in China. Foreigners with permanent residency status in China obtain the "Foreigner's Permanent Residence Identity Card" as their legal identity document for permanent residence in China.
中国永久居留则是指外籍人士在中国居留期限不受限制。而拥有中国永久居留资格的外籍人士获得《外国人永久居留身份证》作为其在中国境内永久居留的合法身份证件。
Everyone must be clear here that having permanent residency status does not mean obtaining nationality. Those who cannot have citizenship but are able to reside and stay within China for an unrestricted period of time use the word "residence" in their identity documents.
这里大家一定要明确一点，拥有永久居留身份并不等于获得国籍，无法拥有公民身份，却能够期限不受限制地居住及停留在中国境内的，因此，其身份证明凭证使用了“居留”字眼。
Since they also reside in China as foreigners, what are the differences between working and living in China and holding a general visa or residence permit after obtaining permanent residency status? Why do so many people choose to apply for permanent residence status and what are the advantages?
既然同样是在中国以外籍身份居留，那么拥有永久居留身份后，外籍人士在中国境内工作、生活与持有一般签证或居留许可时有什么的不一样呢？为什么这么多人选择去申请永久居留身份，优势在于哪里呢？
1. Entry and exit: Entry and exit personal use items are processed in accordance with relevant customs regulations for settled passengers
1.出入境：进出境自用物品是按照海关对定居的旅客有关规定进行办理手续
2. Employment: In China, there is no need to apply for a "Foreigner Work Permit" for employment
2.就业：在中国就业，《外国人工作许可证》可不需要办理
3. Domestic residency: The duration of stay in China will not be restricted, and you can enter and exit China with a valid passport and "Foreigner's Permanent Residence Identity Card", without the need to apply for other visa procedures; Spouses and immediate family members can apply for corresponding visas, residence documents, or "Foreigner's Permanent Residence Identity Card" in accordance with relevant regulations.
3.境内居住：在中国居留期限将不受限制，可以凭借有效护照及《外国人永久居留身份证》出入中国，不需再办理其他签证等手续；配偶及直系亲属，可按照有关规定申请办理相应签证、居留证件或者《外国人永久居留身份证》。
4. Education: The accompanying children of the holder can enter the school at the compulsory Educational stage stage, and those who meet the conditions can enjoy the relevant national policies and treatment. They can enter the school nearby and go through the transfer and transfer procedures. Fees other than those specified by the state may not be charged.
4.教育：持有者的随迁子女义务教育阶段入学，符合条件的可享受国家规定的相关政策待遇，可就近入学，办理转入、转学手续，国家规定之外的费用可不收取。
5. Social insurance: Various procedures for participating in social insurance can be processed. Those who are employed within China shall participate in various social insurances in accordance with relevant regulations.
5.社会保险：可以办理参加社会保险各项手续。在中国境内就业的，按照有关规定参加各项社会保险。
6. Investment: Foreign invested enterprises can be established through base investment or other means, and legally obtained RMB can be used for foreign direct investment within China.
6.投资：可以基数入股或者投资等方式创办外商投资企业，合法获得的人民币在中国境内可以进行外商直接投资。
7. Housing provident fund: It is not subject to restrictions on buying a house and can be withdrawn or transferred through the housing provident fund procedures.
7.住房公积金：不受买房限制，可办理住房公积金提取或者转移手续。
8. Transportation: Traveling on domestic flights or trains in China, staying at domestic hotels, can be done with the "Foreigner's Permanent Residence ID Card", which is convenient and fast.
8.交通：乘坐中国国内航班、火车，在国内酒店住宿，可凭《外国人永久居留身份证》办理相关手续即可，方便快捷。
9. Driver's license vehicle: Enjoy the same treatment as Chinese citizens in applying for a motor vehicle driver's license and handling motor vehicle registration. You can apply for a Motor Vehicle Driving License of the Driver's license in China by presenting your Foreigner's Permanent Residence Identity Card.
9.驾照车辆：在申领机动车驾驶证和办理机动车登记方面，享受与中国公民同等待遇。可凭《外国人永久居留身份证》申领《中华人民共和国机动车驾驶证》。
10. Taxation: Fulfill corresponding tax obligations in accordance with Chinese tax laws and regulations and relevant provisions of tax agreements.
10.纳税：按照中国税收法律法规及税收协定的有关规定，履行相应的纳税义务。
