在《感染性疾病与免疫(英文)》2023年第2期中,王福生院士团队发表了题为“Effect of Different Factors on the Quality of Life and Sequelae of COVID-19 Patients After Discharge”的论著。内容简介、中英文摘要及作者简介如下:
01
内容简介
本研究通过对COVID-19患者出院后12个月内的3次随访,描述了COVID-19患者生活质量和后遗症的动态变化,分析了影响COVID-19患者生活质量和后遗症的相关因素。
Authors: Nan Guo, Ya-Ping Yao, Le Song, Guan-Zhen Wang, Jun-Li He, Ning Zheng, Qiong Mo, Wen-Xu Ni, Bo Zhang, Fu-Sheng Wang, Lei HuangHow to cite this article: Guo N, Yao YP, Song L, et al. Effect of different factors on the quality of life and sequelae of COVID-19 patients after discharge. Infect Dis Immun 2023;3(2):60–66. doi: 10.1097/ID9.0000000000000084Funding: This work was supported by grants from the National Key R&D Program of China (2020YFC0860900) and Military Logistics Research Project (BLB19J017).02
中文摘要
背景:新型冠状病毒(Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2,SARS-CoV-2)的持续传播对全球造成了巨大的疾病负担。SARS-CoV-2感染对人类健康的长期影响以及COVID-19患者出院后的长期预后仍不清楚。本研究旨在通过进行多次随访来评估COVID-19患者出院后的生活质量和后遗症,以了解SARS-CoV-2对人类健康的长期影响及其可能的影响因素。
方法:对2020年2月15日至4月5日从火神山医院(中国武汉)出院的COVID-19患者在出院后6、9和12个月进行随访。被随访人员在经过专业培训的医务人员指导下完成关于出院后生活质量和后遗症的调查问卷。患者人口统计学及临床特征采用描述性统计分析,分类变量采用百分比进行描述。广义估计方程模型被用来分析患者出院后生活质量的相关因素。卡方检验(Fisher精确检验)和多元Logistic回归被用来分析出院患者的后遗症及其影响因素。
结果: 共有175例患者参加了至少1次随访,120例患者完成了所有3次随访。重型及危重型患者的精神状况比普通型患者差(χ2=7.653,P=0.022),更容易感到疲劳(χ2=4.836,P=0.028)。女性患者发生睡眠障碍(χ2=10.026,P=0.002)和呼吸困难(χ2=5.672,P=0.017)的危险性高于男性患者,也更难恢复原有工作和生活(χ2=8.922,P=0.003)。糖尿病患者出院后食欲更差(χ2=4.669,P=0.031),睡眠障碍发生率更高(χ2=4.417,P=0.036)。至少有1个后遗症的患者比例从6个月时的29.76%(50/168)增加到9个月时的51.11%(69/139)(χ2=14.305,P<0.001)。在12个月时出现后遗症的人数减少,但是有后遗症的COVID-19患者比例未见显著降低。与普通型患者相比,诊断为重型及危重型的COVID-19患者出院后出现记忆力下降的风险增高,比值比(Odd Ratio,OR)为4.325(95%CI 1.215-15.401)(图1)。女性患者出院后更容易出现关节或肌肉疼痛,OR值为4.632(95%CI 1.716-12.501)。高血压患者也更容易出现关节或肌肉疼痛,OR值为3.014(95%CI 1.193-7.615)(图2)。
图1 记忆力下降的影响因素
图2 关节、肌肉疼痛的影响因素
结论:出院后12个月时,仍有一些COVID-19患者生活质量有不同程度的下降并伴有后遗症,且随着时间的推移未见明显的好转。患者出院后的生活质量和后遗症与性别、COVID-19的临床分型和基础疾病相关。
03
Abstract
Background: The continued spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) remains an international public health emergency, resulting in a significant global disease burden. The long-term effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans and the long-term prognosis of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) after discharge remain unclear. We aimed to assess the quality of life (QoL) and sequelae in patients with COVID-19 after discharge from the hospital by conducting multiple follow-up visits to understand the long-term effects of SARS-CoV-2 on patients' health and its possible influencing factors.Methods: COVID-19 patients discharged from Huoshenshan Hospital (Wuhan, China) between February 15 and April 5, 2020, were followed up at 6, 9, and 12 months after discharge. They completed questionnaires on postdischarge QoL and sequelae under the guidance of medical staff with professional training. The demographic and clinical characteristics of the COVID-19 patients were analyzed using descriptive statistics. A generalized estimating equationmodel was used to analyze the QoL-related factors. The χ2 test (or Fisher exact test) and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the sequelae and influencing factors.Results: A total of 175 patients participated in at least 1 follow-up visit, and 120 completed all 3 follow-up visits. Patients diagnosed with severe and critically ill COVID-19 had worse mental conditions (χ2=7.653, P=0.022) than those with the nonsevere type (not severe or critical) and were more likely to feel fatigued (χ2=4.836, P=0.028). Female patients had a higher risk of sleep disturbance (χ2=10.026, P=0.002) and dyspnea (χ2=5.672, P=0.017) and had more difficulty returning to their original work and life (χ2=8.922, P=0.003) than male patients. Patients with diabetes had a worse appetite (χ2=4.669, P=0.031) and were more prone to sleep disturbance (χ2=4.417, P=0.036) after discharge. The proportion of patients with at least 1 sequela increased from 29.76% (50/168) at 6 months to 51.11% (69/135) at 9 months (χ2=14.305, P<0.001). Compared with the nonsevere type, patients diagnosed with severe and critically ill COVID-19 had an odds ratio (OR) of 4.325 (95%confidence interval [CI], 1.215–15.401) for memory decline. Female patients had an OR of 4.632 (95%CI, 1.716–12.501) for joint or muscle pain. Patients with hypertension had an OR of 3.014 (95% CI, 1.193–7.615) for joint or muscle pain.Conclusions: One year after discharge, there were still some patients with varying degrees of decline in QoL and sequelae, which occurred in all follow-up visits. Moreover, QoL and sequelae after discharge were related to sex, clinicalification of COVID-19, and underlying diseases.Keywords: COVID-19; Quality of life; Sequelae; Follow-up04
作者简介
通讯作者 王福生 院士
解放军总医院第五医学中心感染病医学部主任
国家感染性疾病临床医学研究中心主任
国务院学位委员会第八届学科评议组专家、国家及军队生物安全专家组专家,全国创新争先奖状获得者,全国优秀科技工作者,全国抗击新冠肺炎疫情先进个人,全国优秀共产党员,全军科技领军人才,国家杰出青年基金获得者,国家自然科学基金创新研究群体牵头人,中华医学会感染病学分会候任主任委员。
长期从事感染病的临床诊治、科学研究及生物安全工作,圆满完成2003年抗击SARS、2009年甲流防治、2015年援塞抗埃、2020年新冠肺炎等多起重大疫情临床救治。擅长病毒性肝炎、艾滋病和疑难危重肝病的临床诊治工作,并结合临床难题开展研究,开拓了疑难肝病和艾滋病等疾病细胞治疗与研究的新方向。
获得国家科技进步二等奖3项、省部级一等奖4项,以通讯作者在NEngl J Med、Lancet、Nature等发表英文论文260余篇,还承担了国家传染病防治重大专项课题、国家重点研发计划、国家自然科学基金重点课题等50余项课题。
通讯作者 黄磊 主任医师
解放军总医院感染病医学部感染性疾病科主任 博士生导师
长期从事传染病临床及科研工作。在新突发传染病和病毒性肝炎、艾滋病等传染病的诊治方面积累了丰富的临床经验。兼任中国医院协会传染病医院分会艾滋病专业学组组长、中国研究型医院协会感染病分会常委、中华医学会医学病毒学分会临床病毒学组委员等职务。享受军队优秀专业技术人才二类岗位津贴。主持国家自然科学基金面上项目、全军医学科技“十二五”项目、军事医学创新工程专项、军队后勤科研项目重点项目等课题8项,参与国家重点研发计划多项。发表SCI论文51篇,中文核心期刊20余篇。主编专著1部,副主编专著2部。获得省部级成果二等奖2项,三等奖1 项。荣立二等功一次,获“白求恩式好医生”提名奖。
通讯作者 张波 副主任医师
解放军中部战区总医院感染科主任 硕士研究生导师
长期从事感染性疾病临床及科研工作。在重症肝病、呼吸道传染病、病毒性肝炎的诊治方面积累了丰富的临床经验。兼任全军新突发传染病专业组委员,全军呼吸疾病介入专业组委员,中华医学会湖北医学会理事,湖北省医学会肝病学分会委员。承担省、部级课题各1项,获得湖北省科技进步二等奖1项,参编专著1部,发表论文20余篇。多次参加军地重大疫情防治行动,在武汉抗击新冠疫情保卫战中,带领感染科全体人员表现突出,获得“中国青年五四奖章集体”、“全国抗疫先进集体”、“全国先进基层党支部”等荣誉;个人先后荣立三等功3次。
第一作者 郭楠 医师
第四军医大学 临床医学 学士
解放军医学院 内科学(传染病学)硕士研究生
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