很多考生都会感到困惑,明明自己的语言基础扎实,词汇量也相当丰富,但雅思写作成绩却总是停留在6分左右,很难突破那令人渴望的7分关。其实,得到雅思写作6分已经证明了你拥有相当不错的语言能力,但要进一步提升,关键在于加强逻辑推理和论证能力。
今天我要分享的是一个秘密武器——写作文时的开篇。一个经过精心设计的开篇不仅能够快速吸引审阅者的注意,还能为你的作文增添许多分数。
雅思写作题目可以总体上分为四种类型:观点类、讨论类、优缺点类和报告类。每一种类型的题目都有独特的开头段写作技巧。
观点类题目
这类题目通常围绕一个观点展开,要求考生表达“同意”或“不同意”。对于这类题目,一旦你确定了自己的立场,开头段就呼之欲出。
例如,今年4月27日文化类真题为:
In the past, important knowledge about culture and history was stored in museums. Nowadays, information is freely available on the Internet; therefore, there is no longer any need for museums. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
面对“有人认为博物馆不再重要”这样的题目,你可以选择支持或反对,然后按照“背景句+题目转述+个人观点”的框架来构建开头段。
讨论类题目
这类题目则要求考生同时考虑两个相对立的观点,并给出自己的看法。在开头段中,你可以简要介绍背景,并概述双方的观点。
例如,2月24日的艺术类题目:
Some people say that artworks (e.g. painting, music, poetry) can be created by everybody, whereas others say they can only be made by those with special ability. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
题目中有些人说艺术品可以由任何人创作,而另一些人说它们只能由有特殊能力的人制作。讨论两种观点,并给出自己的观点。
对于这样的题目,你可以这样开头:人们对谁能创作艺术品有不同的看法。有些人认为真正的艺术只能来自有特殊才能的人。同时,其他人坚持认为艺术是每个人都可以从事的事情。在我看来,每个人都有创造艺术的能力。
优劣势的题目
Advantages & Disadvantage类的题目,一般都会给出一个现象或者是趋势,所以在优劣势文章的开头段的时候就没有必要再写背景句,可以直接转述题目并且表达自己的观点“优大于劣”或者“劣大于优”的观点。
例如,3月2日的交通类题目:
Some cities have vehicle-free days when private cars, trucks, and motorcycles are banned from the city center. Public transportation like buses, taxis, and metros are advised. To what extent do you think the advantages of this policy outweigh the disadvantages?
开头段可以直接直接转述题目,并且表达自己的观点。写成:
It is true that some cities have vehicle—free days, in which cars, trucks, and other vehicles are banned from central parts of the city. Personally, I believe that the advantages of this policy outweigh the disadvantages.
report类题目
report通常题目和优劣势文章一样,会给出一个现象或趋势。
例如,5月18日科技类题目:
Mobile phones and the Internet could have many benefits for old people. However, this age group uses technology the least. What are the benefits for old people of using mobile phones and the Internet? How can we encourage them to use this new technology?
对考鸭们而言,开头段更适合改写题目,具体示例如下:
Mobile phones and the Internet offer a number of benefits for older people, even though they use technology less often. There are several advantages for old people using these technologies. Additionally, there are various ways to encourage them to adopt mobile phones and the Internet.
掌握了这些开头段的写作方法,再结合你扎实的语言功底和丰富的词汇量,相信你的雅思写作成绩定能更上一层楼!